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St. George’s Indian Residential School
Originated by the New England Company
(The oldest English Missionary Society, founded 1649)
Lytton, B.C. Sept 4, 1941
Dear Miss Ravenhill:
At last I will try and get off a few lines to you. Yes were touched the big chief from Ottawa here with the Commissioner also two Indian agents with them. They stayed about three hours and I took them all about the school showing them MY improvements, and they all seemed very impressed. As you know, we have no principal, but the Gov’t has made me the Acting Principal and no telling how long I will retain it. At last I have had the place cleaned up really well, and all the rules put into force which in my estimation are the correct ones for running a school. The Kiddies came back in fine order and we are all in full swing. My newly engaged staff are fairly good workers and will improve as they become more accustomed to the work.
I found Dr. McGill quite changed from the time I met him on the Blood Reserve 8 years ago. He kind of remembered me he said, but he was very nice, all round, and the Head Matron served tea for them before departing, so they really had a good welcome here despite the fact, it was night they called on us, and a day too soon.
I do not know how much time we will have now to develop crafts here. The trouble is our Head Matron, Ms. Jobling, is the Craft teacher for girls and is tied down now to sore supervision work, and I likewise in stead of getting on with my old work as doing bookkeeping, typing and supervising everywhere. However, the gov’t might get a new hand before long, though some dare feel [page break] it is going to be entrusted to me. The bishop has issued to me a Lay Readers licence and the priest from Lytton is coming out for our Sunday Communion Services. Thus the spiritual needs are not lacking either. I don’t see why these places should have a clerical head anyways. After all we are instructing children, and why use a parson for it. We would not send a white child of 6 to 15 to the parson for all his religious teaching, etc.. However, that is that…….
I was glad of all the news you gave me. Am so glad that you had a visit of the Powers that be too. He told me he had been to see you. He said your work was wonderful. It was so good of you to put in a good word for us here too.
Our next worry is Capt Barry due here tomorrow. He is of course well known to me, and does not fret at all, but he is so officious that one of the works got rattled and upset. However he may give us a pleasant surprise and be very nice instead.
It is turning fall like now. Mrs. McLoughlin called one Sunday to see us. She is head of the Women’s Institution. She will tell you about her visit here when she next sees you.
We have also had lots of Church and other visitors. No end of salesman and travellers. We also have the first Indian Thompson Graduate from normal teaching here this term. She is a very nice girl and can surely make her tribe follow. It is nice is only the Indians will lead.
Was sorry not to see Anthony Walsh as he passed through. I wrote to him but have had no reply. I suppose he is busy or away on holiday. Excuse this rush but we are all going on as usual.
Take good care of yourself and the best of luck to you,
As ever,
Noel Stewart
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Noel Stewart to Alice Ravenhill (Sept.4, 1941)
Description
An account of the resource
Stewart writes to inform Ravenhill that as acting Principal of St. George’s Indian Residential School, he has just received a visit from several high-ranking government officials from Ottawa. He tells her that there is less and less time devoted to crafts at the school, largely because he and other interested teachers are swamped with work due to chronic understaffing.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Noel Stewart
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Royal BC Museum, BC Archives (F/1/R19)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Sept.4, 1941
Alice Ravenhill
Anthony Walsh
Captain Barry
Crafts
Indian Affairs
Indian Agent
Leadership
Lytton
Noel Stewart
Ottawa
Religion
Residential School
St. George's Indian Residential School
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Duplicates to
[Min?] J. Hill. Cape Mudge
Feb.6th/41
Dear Miss Aitken, (Alert Bay)
Our mutual friend, Noel Stewart, suggests I should write to you and tell you and Miss Fleck about the movement started a few months ago in Victoria, with the approval of the Director of Indian Affairs at Ottawa and of Major McKay at Vancouver, to revive, where opportunity offers the latent gifts of the young people in our Indian schools along the line of arts, crafts, and drama. (Major Bullock-Webster is a member of my Committee and that speaks for itself.) The main objects in view are to assist our Indians in a development which should presently provide an economic security for at least a few of them; should contribute to Canadian culture should gradually substitute accurate reproductions of authentic objects as substitutes for the hideous and misleading, inaccurate “souvenirs” at present offered to tourists; and not least should assist in establishing more sympathetic relations between them and their white fellow Canadians.
These practical efforts sprung from the start made at the Inkameep school under Anthony Walsh and at Lytton under Noel Stewart. Both have found that by giving the children entire freedom to express their own ideas of the mythical personages associated with their old and useful legends or in the painting of the wild life or the activities [are then] quite remarkable evidences of skill rise to the surface and not only in art but in drama, and craftsmanship. Obviously outstanding ability is not present in them all, but undoubtedly it is in a fair proportion.
I am most anxious to secure the interest and support of the staff of the various schools, realising the development of our object must take time; I am hoping those to whom I write will be kind enough to write me their own experience and points of view, and that they will give me the name of any teachers in other schools who would feel sympathetic [page break] towards our ideas.
I have an idea Captain Barry may already have said something about my Committee’s desires, and he is desirous of bringing before the young people selected specimens of the outstanding skills of their forbears, not with the idea of compelling them into exactly similar lines of expression, though hoping some may be carefully reproduced for “souvenir” eventually; but to stimulate them to try and develop in themselves abilities which shall open to them means of honourable self support and a demonstration that they too should contribute to the economic and artistic life of Canada.
Doubtless you have seen a copy of “The Tale of the Nativity” from Inkameep which my Committee published last Fall and of which many more than the 1000 copies printed have been called for from England and U.S.A. as well as in Canada. We hope later on to publish further examples of the gifts of our Indian Children in B.C., and I am hoping that you will trust me with specimens of spontaneous work in any form from your own school.
Yours very truly,
[Alice Ravenhill]
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Alice Ravenhill to Miss Aitken (Feb.6, 1941)
Description
An account of the resource
One of several form letters Alice Ravenhill sent out to the principals and teachers Indian Residential and Day schools across British Columbia to inquire about existing arts-based education initiatives and to invite these educators to join the BCIACWS in supporting and building on the initiatives began by Anthony Walsh and Noel Stewart. She explains that her intent with focusing on art in particular is to "bring about a more sympathetic relation between them and their white fello [sic] Canadians" and to replace the kitchy Aboriginal-themed souvenirs in tourist shops with actual artwork by Aboriginal students at Residential Schools, in the interest of showing them how to utilize their artistic talents to make a living.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Alice Ravenhill
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Royal BC Museum, BC Archives (F/I/R19)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Feb.6, 1941
Alert Bay
Alice Ravenhill
Anthony Walsh
Art
Captain Barry
Drama
Indian Affairs
Inkameep
Inkameep Day School
Legend
Major Bullock-Webster
Major McKay
Noel Stewart
Residential School
Souvenir
St. George's Indian Residential School
Story
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St. George’s Sch.
Lytton. B.C.
Jan 7. 1941
My dear Miss Ravenhill: -
It is indeed kind of you to give me your very sincere interest and thoughts: I am pleased your meeting went over successfully. I was in Vancouver and Capt. Barry said your “Drawing Plates” were perfectly gorgeous. He thinks they are really too good for us in the Indian Schools (to even handle). My I feel happy you took on this immense piece of work. It is something probably no one else could or would have done.
Now re: our Stories. They are back from U.S.A with a number of [page break] suggestions. First they desire certain stories removed. They also want the book divided into 2 parts (books). This idea I believe is good.
Thirdly – they do not like such stories as the yearly bathing (purification ceremony of those who had been ill.) Well this was a true enough custom. Even our old Indians today still believe in a yearly washing of sin. They also desire other evidence of which I regard are ridiculous.
So to make things short – I’ll make several changes then send them off to you, and if you feel you could do anything with them, we would be most happy. However, they many [page break] not be what you want. First they are written for children and as I make my characters actually live, it may reduce the legend point of view. However, public libraries tell me there’s a very open field for children’s work from the legend type of work.
Neither my artists or my self would desire any payment for the work, if reproduced. After all as forerunners we must give much. I believe Barry’s remark Re: Indian children’s work not being sold is to [many rot]. They sell their work right along in the Residential Schools.
So in about 2 more [page break] weeks you’ll receive our stories. I think I’ll have them ready for you to see them. Thanks a lot again for your many kindnesses. You certainly are a guiding star to us Indian workers. Best luck. You’ll hear from me in about 2 more weeks.
Best luck in 1941!
Sincerely,
Noel Stewart
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Noel Stewart to Alice Ravenhill (Jan.7, 1941)
Description
An account of the resource
Noel Stewart replies affirmatively to Alice Ravenhill's request for him to send the BCIACWS a copy of the booklet of Indian legends he and his students at St. George's prepared and illustrated. He assures her that they are not expecting payment for their work and thanks her for her efforts in helping to facilitate the creativity of his students.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Noel Stewart
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Royal BC Museum, BC Archives (F/I/R19)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Jan.7, 1941
Alice Ravenhill
Artists
Captain Barry
Editing
Legend
Noel Stewart
Payment
Residential School
St. George's Indian Residential School
Story
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2112
Document
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St. George’s Ind. School
Lytton, B.C.
Dec.21/40.
I’ll see if I might attempt to revise some drama here in January. Of course I’m only a pivot in a wheel here. Res. Schools are not like the Day Schools.
Dear Miss Ravenhill: -
I thank you for your prompt reply to my letter, and I must say how sorry I am my letter went off to you minus postage. It was the truck driver’s fault here. He was told to place a stamp on it in town, but in his rush forgot to do so. However, I enclose the stamps to you now. Also, I have a few copies of our short newspaper articles. I am enclosing these to you to read but they are my only copies so will you kindly return them [both?[ later. I sent another story [page break] off to the Province. If it comes out later, I’ll try and send you a copy. This article will appeal more to coast folks. It appears that in the time of the flood Mr. Coyote who took refuge on the top of the mountain at Lytton, B.C. was told by the Father of mysteries that the Ruler of the Sea was calling to see him – this was Mr. See-see-uk. He was to row up to Lytton to meet Mr. Coyote – He died of course, and our story gives the details. So I’ll send you a copy if it comes out. The boys and I prepared a booklet of about 35 stories on the Animal People this Fall. One picture accompanied each story. The drawings were beautiful. At the advice [page break] of the Public Library we sent them to an American Pub. Co. and to date they are still considering them, but we hope for the best. I am now preparing another booklet on the friendly associations of the Animal People with the sea people. It is really more mythological than ever. One year ago I wrote an Indian School Primer with all Indian Illustrations. It was exactly what is required in the Indian Schools. I studied the needs the Indian Children of 10 years, but [Dept’s] have asked me to hold it till the war is over, since the Indian Dep’t in Ottawa won’t [page break] take on any new debt at present time. Capt Barry holds this primer at present. I believe several parts of it he does not agree with. In a few days my pupils will send to you a little wooden picture for your wall. It is the picture of Mr. Coyote taking his Sunday Service. Please note how heartily the Coyotes are singing. The choice of 8 golden birds – came from heaven to each meeting. These birds were guest singers. They were taught to sing in Heavens and they taught the Animal People on earth. After each service they returned to Heaven. I got to Vancouver Dec.30th for 1 weeks vacation. I think your [sic] wonderful at your age taking such a keen interest in life. Yes, we will all look forward to your booklets when they appear. I agree with you—a handbook for each reserve would be better than a general one. It would keep each reserve distinct. Many thanks again. I enclose (.25 cents) for the Inkameep pamphlet. I write to Mr. Walsh at times but have not met him yet. You won’t forget our clippings (to be sent back after read, please.)
Very sincerely,
Noel Stewart
PS. This is a big school. Few are interested in my work. However I’m in the animal world with my Sr. Boy pupils. Xmas Greetings again!
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Title
A name given to the resource
Noel Stewart to Alice Ravenhill (Dec.21, 1940)
Description
An account of the resource
Noel Stewart writing Alice Ravenhill to share more news of his work at St. George's, including having sent off a booklet of about 35 stories written and illustrated by his students to an American publisher and having prepared an "Indian School Primer with all Indian illustrations" that is being held by his superiors due to lack of funds and interest, it being during WWII. He also mentions several aspects of different stories involving the Animal People and Mr. Coyote, as well as how most of the other teachers and administrators at St. George's are not supportive of his art-based education initiatives.
Creator
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Noel Stewart
Source
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Royal BC Museum, BC Archives (F/I/R19)
Date
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Dec.21, 1940
Alice Ravenhill
Animal People
Anthony Walsh
Captain Barry
Indian Affairs Department
Inkameep Day School
Lytton
Mr. Coyote
Mr. See-see-uk
Noel Stewart
Residential School
St. George's Indian Residential School