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St. George’s Indian Residential School
Originated by the New England Company
(The oldest English Missionary Society, founded 1649)
Lytton, B.C. July 26, 1941
Dear Miss Ravenhill:
In reply to your letter I am sorry to say all our wood cuts and drawings and practically all school crafts are out for sale or exhibitions at present, and it seems I could not locate anything worthwhile to send you for the coming display you mention. I am of course sorry, but as you know things here are higgledy piggedly---spelling may be wrong.
Yesterday Anthony Walsh passed through on the bus and I ran down intending to see him, but he wasn’t on the first bus and the second bus sailed right through and didn’t stop. So he would be as disappointed as I was, I am sure. These greyhound busses are uncertain. I travelled on one from home here and lots of places they missed to call at, if time did not permit.
Well I am getting on with my temporary work. The Government have me now the acting Principal and I have engaged the staff or age folk as the young ones won’t stay or take responsibility and the old staff can’t keep up to the grind, and it really is a problem. Mr. Lett was expected to go July 15th from premises but has been very contrary. He is still here against Gov’t wishes, and pokes into everything and it looks as if the Gov’t will have to take severe measures to get him away. He went off to Vanc. with school care two days after 15th and is just being as stubborn as a young child would be. He says he is going to Victoria for a holiday soon, and no doubt will call on you, but he needs no sympathy though this sad tales do touch the hearts of strangers.
It was terribly warm here. None of us could sleep at night. However, it is cooling off again, thank goodness.
The printer for my booklet was the A.J. Davis printing co., Calgary, alta. They used the Reynold’s linoleum cuts. It is being sold by SpencersVane for 15 cents. I am also sending it out to odd stores in the Interior and in Vanc. I only have the 500 copies, and as it didn’t cost me anything I am not worrying much about the sale. It should have been better set and I am annoyed at my name appearing on page one. However, Mr. Lett’s idea to put children’s names to things they never do won’t go with me. At present these children can’t write down the legends. Of course the drawing is purely their’s [page break]
You are very busy with all your meetings. I can’t see how you do it. I am up to my neck in work with only ordinary things yet you can delve into so many sidelines. You must be one of the world’s great workers. Some people can work with the least loss of motion, but my trouble is so many people come in and talk and talk.
Father Lett has just been in and while my back was turned gone off with the mail bag. This is so annoying. The Indian Agent in town will be furious if he sees him with the school car and getting our Gov’t letters at the P.O. One can watch a child but an adult it is impossible to watch him. However, it will all come to a head in the near future I am sure.
This letter sounds terrible all my troubles. Please don’t let it get you too. I should not trouble you this way. Everyone has his own load.
As to the Vancouver Exhibition we are not certain if we will exhibit this year or not; There is such an uncertainty and the school is to reopen August 18 and no doubt I will have to act as principal and teach the Jr. High School class too, and there is no time to go to Vancouver. However, we will wait and see and things may change out of a clear sky.
Today the engineer has tested all fire hoses for me in the premises. There are missing three altogether and most others leak. So one can see how careful Ft. Lett was.
Well am so sorry Miss Ravenhill I could not furnish anything for your display at present. However, better luck next time. As ever,
Sincerely,
Noel Stewart
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Noel Stewart to Alice Ravenhill (July 26, 1941)
Description
An account of the resource
Stewart, in reply to Ravenhill’s previous inquiry as to providing artwork from his pupils for an art show in Victoria, indicates that all their art is currently out being sold or displayed elsewhere. He mentions almost meeting up with Anthony Walsh, but the latter’s bus didn’t stop. Stewart informs her he has been made the acting Principal at St. George’s and complains about his predecessor, Ft. Lett. He informs her which printer he used to produce “Meet Mr. Coyote” and how they facilitated the images by using linoleum cuts.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Noel Stewart
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Royal BC Museum, BC Archives (F/I/R19)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
July 26, 1941
"Meet Mr. Coyote"
A.J. Davis Printers
Alice Ravenhill
Art
Children
Crafts
Drawing
Exhibition
Ft. Lett
Legend
Linoleum cuts
Lytton
Missionary
New England Company
Noel Stewart
Principal
St. George's Indian Residential School
Vancouver
Wood cut
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SFBCIAC Scrapbook, Page Twenty-Nine
THE DAILY PROVINCE. VANCOUVER.
“Meet Mr. Coyote” Splendid Example of Indian Boys’ Art”
By PALETTE.
The Society for Furtherance of B.C. Indian Arts and Crafts contributes to the Christmas season two unique publications illustrated entirely by Indian children of the province. These little volumes, entertaining and original, are inspired additions to western art and literature.
“Meet Mr. Coyote” is illustrated by boys of the Thompson tribe at the Indian school of St. George at Lytton. This first series of legends of the tribe, gathered by the boys’ teacher, Noel Stewart, has a genuine regional note. Both pictures and story have more than a suggestion of that rich flavour or naïve contact with the animal people which made “Uncle Remus” a classic of the Southern States.
OKANAGAN SETTING.
A handsome reprint of “The Tale of the Nativity,” illustrated by the Indian boy-artist Sis-hu-lk, is undoubtedly destined for considerable public favour as something distinctly of the province. Already a first edition has been exhausted, purchased not only here but far beyond our borders.
“The Tale of the Nativity,” as told to their teacher, Anthony Walsh, by the Indian children of Inkameep and described in pictures by the boy-artist whose work has been admired in the Art Gallery and even in London, has a simple delightful form which is almost mediaeval in quality and structure.
Both drawings and narrative describe the event as if the Nativity had taken place in remote times in the Okanagan Valley, the unexpected variations, bringing the story right home to our doors so to speak, produce an effect of singular and poignant charm.
FORMED YEAR AGO.
These publications, so artistically contrived and inexpensive, are among praiseworthy results already achieved by the Society for the Furtherance of B.C. Indian Arts and Crafts, which was formed last year.
Realizing the fine creative spirit of the Northwest coast tribes in the past, a group of well-known educators, under the leadership of Miss Alice Ravenhill, was formed at Victoria. Convinced that this spirit is only dormant, the group seeks to encourage the latent talents of young Indians especially.
The Victoria committee believes, and it is already proving, that if this element is aroused it can be applied in many directions, including fine commercial design applicable to tourist articles. Those interested in joining a Vancouver committee now being contemplated may communicate with Miss Ravenhill, Hotel Windermere, Victoria.
BRITAIN’S CHILD ARTISTS
In the midst of war much interest has been paid throughout the Empire to the idea of warding the children, both physically and spiritually, from evil effects of the conflict. Art, being a natural form of expression for the young, has been used effectively as part of this purpose. British children have sent a large and remarkable collection of their drawings and paintings to the Dominion. More than 200 of their works are now being exhibited in the Art Gallery at Toronto, and will later visit other cities across Canada.
This increased interest in art among children in these perilous times serves as another symbol of the hope and vitality of the people of the Empire. Here in Vancouver the free Saturday morning classes at the gallery, resumed this winter, have gone ahead with great enthusiasm among both children and instructors.
The results accomplished and spirit displayed by the youthful artists is nothing short of astonishing. In watching these future citizens of Vancouver engrossed in their work one feels that their lives are being immeasurably enriched.
Kamloops Sentinel Editorial Page
(Wednesday, December 24, 1941)
“Delightful Booklet”
A DELIGHTFUL booklet entitled “Meet Mr. Coyote” has been prepared by the Indian pupils of St. George’s Indian School at Lytton, and now is on public sale at 25 cents per copy. Illustrated by means of lino-cuts made by the Indian lads, the booklet is the first of a series of Indian legends of the Thompson tribe. The tales are of the Animal Folk who inhabited the Fraser and Kamloops area in Indian mythology. The booklet is published by the Victoria branch of the Society for the Furtherance of B.C. Tribal Arts and Crafts.
“Indian Legends Booklets Fill Xmas Gift Need”
LYTTON.
The first of a legendary series of Thompson Indian lore booklets has been published by the St. George pupils, and they are now ready for Christmas sale. Made up very handsomely, and written in a most interesting style, they are illustrated with lino-craft. All work, both prose and drawings and well as lino carving, was done by the pupils of the school. A Victoria printer completed the job.
In the booklet, which sells for 25 cents, there are ten stories. Each one would be enjoyed by either old or young. A foreword is written into the booklet by Alice Ravenhill, of Victoria, who is an authority on the subject, who is herself an author of some repute of Indian legend in B.C. The booklet is the first publication, although various brochures have come from the school, via the handicrafts section, which is one of the most useful and thorough in all B.C. Noel Stewart, who succeeded Mr. let as Principal, is to be congratulated for his carrying on the good work started some years ago. Send 25 cents to St. George’s School at Lytton for one of these booklets and assist in keeping Indian Lore.
“Lytton Indian School Booklet Published”
LYTTON.
A first booklet of legendary tales of the kindly animal folks who once inhabited these beautiful valleys, has been prepared by the Indian pupils of St. George’s School, Lytton, and published by the Society for the Furtherance of Indian Arts and Crafts, Victoria, at a price of twenty-five cents.
This booklet is very handsomely done and contains ten beautiful illustrations by the boy artists of the school. The stories are in a charming style suitable for both adult and child reading. These Indian booklets make a handsome Christmas gift. With each book bought before New Year an additional booklet entitled, “The Animal People’s Trip to the Pacific Coast” is given away free.
Send for your booklet to Mr. Noel Stewart, St. George’s School, Lytton, B.C.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
SFBCIAC Scrapbook, Page Twenty-Nine
Description
An account of the resource
Further clippings relating to the publication and successful reception of "Meet Mr. Coyote," a series of ten legends belonging to the Thompson Tribe that was illustrated by Noel Stewart's students at St. George's Indian Residential School at Lytton, B.C. and published by the British Columbia Indian Arts and Crafts Welfare Society in 1941.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
The Society for Furtherance of B.C. Indian Arts and Crafts
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Royal BC Museum, BC Archives (F/I/R19)
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
The Daily Province; The Kamloops Sentinel
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Dec.24, 1941
"Meet Mr. Coyote"
"The Tale of the Nativity"
Alice Ravenhill
Anthony Walsh
Francis Baptiste
Legend
Lino-cuts
Lytton
Noel Stewart
Publication
Sis-hu-lk
St. George's Indian Residential School
Story
The British Columbia Indian Arts and Crafts Welfare Society
The Society for the Furtherance of British Columbia Indian Arts and Crafts
Told-to Narratives
Victoria
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A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
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<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<div>
<h1 style="width:500px;text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:large;"><a href="http://issuu.com/bengehrels/docs/scrapbook_-_the_society_for_the_furtherance_of_bri?mode=window&backgroundColor=%23222222">Click HERE to open the Scrapbook in reading mode</a></span></h1>
</div>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<div>
<h3>Table of Contents</h3>
<p> </p>
<p>(1) Indian Art. “The Catholic League”. May 1939</p>
<p>(2) Formation of Society for the Furtherance of B.C? Indian Art.</p>
<p>(3) 1st Exhibition in Victoria of Sis-hu-lk’s work</p>
<p>(4) Press Notices of above. June 1940.</p>
<p>(5) <a href="http://thestoryismorethanitself.omeka.net/items/show/18">"Inkameep wins 1st Oskenonton Cup. May 1940" <br />"Indian Artist's Work to be Shown Here" <br />"Inkameep is a Monument to One Man."</a></p>
<p>(6) Exhibit of School art at Penticton.</p>
<p>(7) Press notices re Sis-hu-lk and Johnnie Stalkis.</p>
<p>(8) Inkameep Christmas cards, 1940.</p>
<p>(9) Inkameep School acting, etc.</p>
<p>(10) Exhibition of Ottawa Charts in Victoria, 1941.</p>
<p>(11) Inkameep children act Legends at Victoria. 1941.</p>
<p>(12) Exhibition of B.C. Indian Art at Vancouver Art Gallery, July 1941.</p>
<p>(13) Various “cuttings”; also A.W. at Summer School at Victoria, July, 1942.</p>
<p>(14) Various “cuttings” dealing with B.C. Indians.</p>
<p>(15) Inkameep winners at London School Exhibit, 1941. Various cuttings.</p>
<p>(16) “Canadians All” A.R. B.C Teacher, Jan, 1942</p>
<p>(17) Sis-hu-lk’s exhibit at Calgary, November, 1941</p>
<p>(18) References to Sis-hu-lk.</p>
<p>(19) Photographs of Sis-hu-lk. 1940.</p>
<p>(20) “Tale of Nativity,” in B.C. Historical Quarterly, Review. Jan, 1941.</p>
<p>(21) <a href="http://thestoryismorethanitself.omeka.net/items/show/19">“Tale of Nativity,” in “The School,” Review. Dec, 1940.</a></p>
<p>(22) Broadcast Inkameep Songs. Adoption of Indians of Family Names, etc.</p>
<p>(23) The Lipsett Collection of BC. Indian Art. Gifts to City of Vancouver.</p>
<p>(24) 1st Exhibition of Indian School paintings, etc. Provincial Museum, Victoria, May 1942.</p>
<p>(25) [blank]</p>
<p>(26) Press Notices, “Tale of the Nativity,” 1940</p>
<p>(27) [same]</p>
<p>(28) <a href="http://thestoryismorethanitself.omeka.net/items/show/20">"Thompson Indian Children Record Ancient Myths" <br />"Meet Mr. Coyote"</a></p>
<p>(29) <a href="http://thestoryismorethanitself.omeka.net/items/show/21">"Meet Mr. Coyote Splendid Example of Indian Boys' Art" <br />"Delightful Booklet" <br />"Indian Legends Booklets Fill Xmas Gift Need" <br />"Lytton Indian School Booklet Published"</a></p>
<p>(30) Drawings, “Mr Coyote”</p>
<p>(31) [same]</p>
<p>(32) Anthony Walsh, “One Man Show”</p>
<p>(33) [same]</p>
<p>(34) Thompson Indian Boys Christmas Story of Nativity.</p>
<p>(35) [same]</p>
<p>(36) Anthony Walsh’s work at Inkameep.</p>
<p>(37) [same]</p>
<p>(38) Program & Exhibition of Indian Arts, Paintings, Dances, Drama at Osoyoos, March 1942</p>
<p>(39) [same]</p>
<p>(40) “Native Arts and Crafts,” A.E. Pickford, 1941.</p>
<p>(41) [same]</p>
<p>(42) B.C. Thunder-bird Park, Victoria. Liut Emmons Anniversary.</p>
<p>(43) Indian Village at Kingscomb, August, 1942. West Coast Totem Poles.</p>
<p>(44) Indian Place Names, L’B. Robinson</p>
<p>(45) [same]</p>
<p>(46) “Meet Mr. Coyote” B.C. Historical Quarterly Review. A.E. Pickford, Jan. 1942.</p>
</div>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Scrapbook of the Society for the Furtherance of BC Indian Arts and Crafts
Subject
The topic of the resource
News clippings
Description
An account of the resource
A scrapbook that contains a variety of news clippings, photographs, and drawings that demonstrate the social impact that the British Columbia Indian Arts and Crafts Welfare Society (previously known as the Society for the Furtherance of BC Indian Arts and Crafts) had in their quest to encourage and enable arts-based education initiatives in the province's Indian Residential Schools, between 1939 and 1941.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
The Society for the Furtherance of B.C. Indian Arts and Crafts
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Royal BC Museum, BC Archives (F/I/R19)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1939-1941
"Meet Mr. Coyote"
A.E. Pickford
Alice Ravenhill
Anthony Walsh
Art
Francis Baptiste
Inkameep
Kings Comb
Legend
Lipsett
Liut Emmons
News clipping
Noel Stewart
Osoyoos
Provincial Museum
Residential School
Scrapbook
Sis-hu-lk
Story
The British Columbia Indian Arts and Crafts Welfare Society
The Society for the Furtherance of British Columbia Indian Arts and Crafts
Totem poles
Vancouver
Victoria
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confine their “art instruction” to set copies, giving no scope for the exercise of the childrens latent gifts; and of course copies
February 24th 1941 .
Dear Mr. Stewart,
I think I must have tried your patience in keeping your Legends so long without further information as to the action being taken towards their publication; unfortunately I have been in bed again (though I hope now to become a reformed character) and the Committee met after a long interval only last Friday. I reported the disinclination to consider any suggestion by the firm I thought would surely say “yes”; and that I am engaged curtailing the letter press and putting the suggested booklet in shape before a further venture. A member of our Committee, in the thick of our artistic business here, a practical lithographer, at once said he would break ground with another source and hopes to secure what we want; an attractive little booklet for the coming Tourist season. So that is that for the moment.
Next; do your boys actually produce any drawings on a larger scale, or at present do they concentrate on these humorous little illustrations. I ask because I am trying to interest the National Gallery of Canada in the idea of an Exhibition of pictures from our B.C. Indian Schools. This arose from the visit here of a notable artist from the east greatly struck with the uncommon genius of the lad who illustrated the “Tale of the Nativity” and who pressed on the Director of the National Gallery the importance of showing his pictures at Ottawa. It seems no “one man” show is allowed and the director writes asking me if pictures though less gifted are available from other Indian schools in B.C. This is not easy thing to find out, especially as most [page break] confine their “Art instruction” to set copies, giving no scope for the exercise of th childrens latent gifts of imagination or skill, and obviously copies do not count. I imagine neither Cape Mudge or Hazelton teachers intend to answer my letters; so all the more I value the kind interest, valuable evidence of St. George’s school’s work and my introduction to Mr. Lett and yourself. I hope to report progress to you shortly; meanwhile what in your idea supposing we succeed in our proposal; what proportion of profits have you in mind for yourself and the school. Obviously a percentage would be due to our Committee for their “risk” and work; but in the event of our success I want to know your ideas on the subject. Our sole funds have been the surplus from the distribution and all costs of “The Tale of the Nativity”; the work developing on me has been immense; not that I advance any claim except for out of pocket costs; but without some financial help our work could not proceed, economical as I am in its conduct. for the moment it is a matter of mutual assistance to advance our objects.
Please remember me kindly to Mr. Lett, and tell him how grateful I am for his practical interest; I am desperately sorry I cannot accept his invitation to come and meet you all.
Yours very sincerely,
[Alice Ravenhill]
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Alice Ravenhill to Noel Stewart (Feb.24, 1941)
Description
An account of the resource
Alice Ravenhill informs Noel Stewart on the progress of his and his students' book of Legends: she writes that the committee is hard at work deciding what the shape and format will be for "an attractive little booklet for the coming Tourist season." She also expresses appreciation for his continued efforts, lamenting the lack of response from the educators at the schools at Alert Bay and Hazleton, and inquires as to whether his students might be interested in producing larger artworks for a special show to be held at the National Gallery in Ottawa.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Alice Ravenhill
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Royal BC Museum, BC Archives (F/I/R19)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Feb.24, 1941
"Meet Mr. Coyote"
"The Tale of the Nativity"
Alice Ravenhill
Art
Cape Mudge
Drawing
Illustration
Legend
Noel Stewart
picture
Residential Schools
-
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Document
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Text
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St. George’s School
Lytton, B.C.
Dec.15/40
Dear Miss Ravenhill:
It was indeed very kind of you to write us such an encouraging letter, and of course we are glad to know you are interested in the Indian People. Last year I read your book on the “Native Tribes of B.C.” I received a lot of help from it. I was [upotils] last Sept the teacher of the Alert Bay Indian Day School. Probably Capt. Barry showed you some of our Art attempts. He had our drawings in Victoria about 14 [days?] ago. Later I received your color charts from Capt. Barry, so we were able to reproduce some copies of your work. Prior to my Alert Bay time I taught at Hazelton. B.C. and before that at Cardston Alta. However, all were Indian schools and all were good in Art. Yes art is loved by all the Indian people and I find they have a deep pride in their legends. My pupils here love their legends but they did not know any of them until I dug them up this Fall. After hearing the legend they want to draw illustrations for them. I never give them any help in the drawing though I have suggested changes in the setting. As to your inquiry about Reynold Smith here, he is only one of my good artists. There are six very outstanding pupils to my class of 34. You might have seen the two stories we had in the ‘Sun” lately (1) The Tobacco Ceremony (2) The Animal People’s Dance. These were done by pupils other than Reynold. Also last Saturday Dec.14th our Nativity story was in Province Paper. The Free Press Winnipeg published our drawing done by Oliver Stewart of the Animal People’s Health Rules. The family Herald accepted three drawings of Mr. and Mrs. Coyote done by 3 of my pupils also. The other type of art done by the Thompson Indians is all conventional design work. Very nice to look at but mechanical to draw. This appeals to the girls but is not just what the boys like to do. The boys want their characters to really live. I am certainly interested in hearing a report of your committee. It is very kind of you to offer me a report. Anyone who is working like you are to revive arts, crafts and legends is doing a marvellous piece of work. I thank you again for writing to me. I have Reynold your kind wishes. Merry Christmas to you from Reynold!
Sincerely,
Noel Stewart
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Noel Stewart to Alice Ravenhill (Dec.15, 1940)
Subject
The topic of the resource
The artistic abilities of boys in St. George's Indian Residential School in Lytton, B.C.
Description
An account of the resource
First correspondence between Noel Stewart and Alice Ravenhill. Mention made of the latter's students' propensity for art and especially illustrating the legends of their people (Thompson Tribe). Mr. Stewart asks for a report from Mrs. Ravenhill of the British Columbia Indian Arts and Crafts Welfare Society.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Noel Stewart
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Royal BC Museum, BC Archives (F/I/R19)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Dec.15, 1940
"Meet Mr. Coyote"
Alice Ravenhill
Noel Stewart
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<h1 style="width:500px;text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:large;"><a href="http://issuu.com/bengehrels/docs/meet_mr._coyote?mode=window&backgroundColor=%23222222" target="_blank">Click HERE to open "Mr. Coyote" in reading mode</a></span></h1>
</div>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
Introduction to "Meet Mr. Coyote"
Who was this Mr. Coyote that you should be pleased to meet him? Well, he was a great leader among the Animal People in the misty far-off days, ages before white men came to disturb the old customs or to take possession of the land where for generations the Animal People had made their homes along the great rivers (now known as the Thompson and the Fraser) in the beautiful Canadian Province of British Columbia. Indeed Mr. Coyote's most palmy days were in that shadowy period before human beings appeared on the earth and presumed to interfere with the Animal People who occupied this lovely land of mountains, lakes and valleys.
Mr. and Mrs. Coyote climbed down to earth by a magic ladder from the Sky-World and brought with them as gifts from the Great Father of Mysteries all the arts and crafts wherewith to instruct those who dwelt below, which they in turn could pass on to the feckless kind of men who later on appeared among them. So to meet Mr. Coyote is quite an adventure as you will agree when you have read about some of his good deeds. There still remain [p.3] a very few, very aged folk who could tell you what their grandparents told them how he taught their forebears to make serviceable and beautiful coiled baskets, how to tan deer skin for clothing, how to weave blankets, how to make bows and arrows and how to shape birch bark into canoes.
Meanwhile certain boys of the Thompson Tribe at the Indian School of St. George at Lytton have made these pictures, to give you their own ideas of this great "Culture Hero" of long ago. Their forefathers used to paint somewhat similar pictures on the cliffs and rocks in that district where they can still be seen by those who know where to seek them. These boys are 11, 12, and 13 years of age. Their sympathetic teacher, Noel Stewart, gave gladly of his scanty leisure to find out the stories for them and encourage them to draw these happy pictures 'out of their heads'. Indeed they will gladly make some more for you, if you care to ask, for they inherit the fertile imaginations and artistic qualities of their race and delight to use them.
This booklet is published by the Victoria Branch of the Society for the Furtherance of B.C. Tribal Arts and Crafts. Copies can be obtained from the bookstores in that city, in Vancouver, and elsewhere.
-ALICE RAVENHILL, (Hon. Sec.)
Windermere Hotel,
Victoria, B. C. [p.4]
I.
Mr and Mrs. Coyote and Their Magic Kettle
Long, long ago when the Animal People lived in British Columbia they were all very friendly together and looked loyally to Mr. Coyote as their Leader. They were clever folk, so that when after many years Mankind first appeared in their world it was the Animal People who taught these men how to build shelters against wind and rain, how to make fires for warmth and how to make stone tools.
Before Mr. and Mrs. Coyote left the Sky-World the Father of Mysteries gave Mrs. Coyote this wonderful kettle made of coiled basket work; it could hold water and cook food; but of much greater importance it had the magic power to grant the wishes of its owner and to protect her from danger. Who can be surprised at the care taken by Mrs. Coyote of this precious gift, for it possessed another amazing property. If by chance Mrs. Coyote was injured a sweet herb or flower or fine shade tree instantly sprang up to heal the wound. And once, when by accident Mrs. Coyote was shot in one arm and lost much strength, at that exact moment a much-needed stream began to flow on a far distant [p.5] hill-side providing an ample supply of pure water for the thirsty folk who lived there.
So the Animal People felt very sad when, after Mrs. Coyote had spent four thousand years among them, she decided to climb up the Magic Ladder down which she had come to earth and return to the Great Father of Mysteries, taking with her this precious Magic Basket.
II.
The Three Coyote Brothers
Mr. Coyote had three clever brothers who were very friendly with the Animal People among whom they spent many years, although they loved also to travel long journeys to study the ways of the strange people they met. Once on their return after a long period they made known to the surprised Animal People that during their absence the elder brother had become a doctor able to cure every kind of sickness. The second brother had studied law and could settle all disputes justly; while the third brother could now invent a number of useful conveniences to add to the comfort of the Animal People.
But, sad to say, the Brothers envied Mrs. Coyote her Magic Kettle. Again and again they made plans to secure this precious treasure; but their plans always failed because the Magic Kettle warned Mrs. [p.7] Coyote of their treachery in time for her to take means to defeat it. Thus the Brothers were saved from committing a very wrong deed.
For at heart they were good, and did all sorts of kind acts for the Animal People. Thus, with hard labour they made safe trails from Lytton to Kamloops, for they believed in being good neighbours; and by this means enabled the Animal People to make friends with the Lake Folk at Kamloops. Again, when after two thousand years of happy life the Father of Mysteries told them there would be a great flood the three Brothers gathered all the Animal People on the very highest mountain peak to save them from destruction in the raging waters, as you will learn.
III.
The Great Flood and the Capture of Wind-Man
During the time that Mr. Coyote ruled the Animal World it once came to pass that rain poured down in torrents and Wind-Man raged so fiercely that all the land was flooded. Happily the People had already been guided to safety on a very high mountain, (look for it when you visit the Lytton country), and on this narrow peak Mrs. Coyote saved their lived with food from her Magic Basket. [p.9] At last the Storm Clouds wearied; the downpour ceased and the Sun-Man shone to warm the shivering people and to dry the sodden ground. But the Wind-Man still raged furiously; even the kind Moon-Man tried to calm him, but in vain.
Suddenly the Cloud-Man appeared saying he would surely tame the Wind-man. Telling the frightened Animal People to make a long, strong rope, this daring Cloud-Man threw a coil of the rope suddenly round the mad Wind-Man, calling to all the People to pull hard. And pull they did with all their might! Soon the Wind-Man's struggles weakened and at least he ceased to breathe. Then Cloud-Man told him he would die unless he gave his word only to rage madly from time to time, so that between whiles the world could enjoy calm days and quiet night. Broken and breathless he gave this pledge. Then Cloud-Man vanished and Mr. Coyote led a happy family down from their narrow peak, and all of them sang songs and danced for joy that they were saved from their great danger.
IV.
The Dance of the Animal People
If was a habit among the Animal People to gather on certain days in the year to perform ceremonial dances. In winter time they met in one of their large Community Houses but in the summer [p.11] they assembled out of doors in customary selected places. The ceremony consisted of three groups of four dances each, performed at sunrise, at noon and at sunset. A pause was made for rest and food after each four dances which varied in their details. Sometimes the movements were by sudden jerks; in others the body was thrown back with both hands and feet in violent continuous action. No word was spoken as each Animal chose his partner for the dance. He touched her on the shoulder and she followed him to the circle in which the two were to take their places.
In all these proceedings they were guided by Mr. Coyote. On the appointed day at Sunrise all the dancers arranged themselves in three large circles, one within the other, in the centre of which stood Mr. Coyote and his three brothers. Then all joined in a song, for these dances were a form of Thanksgiving to the Father of Mysteries for all his many good gifts to the Animal People. Then under Mr. Coyote's direction the dancers marked time with their feet, moving slowly in their respective circles. Soon the pace quickened, until the dancers in the inner and outer circles had to hold firmly to the sashes of those in the middle circle so swiftly did they whirl round and round.
Next in order a dance in which all sang, while taking short steps, raising their arms shoulder high and then lowering them, keeping time with the [p.13] movements of their feet. At the completion of each set of four dances, when food was served it was eaten in silence and preceded by prayers, in keeping with the solemn occasion.
V.
Mrs. and Mrs. Coyote Renew Friendship With Brother and Sister Skunk
For many years the Skunk family had been in disgrace with other Animal People, because when annoyed or alarmed they expressed their feelings in a most offensive way. Yet the Skunks were a very handsome people and possessed unusual wisdom; indeed it was believed that the strip of white fur down each skunk's back was a sign of very superior knowledge. They were specially clever in finding lost articles and their ears were so sharp they were quick to catch strange sounds. Thus they could give wise advice if their ears caught warnings of trouble. They were also excellent playmates. Further, they were very kind to the Insect People and report said that it was the Skunk family which taught wise habits to the tiny ants.
So it was not surprising that Mr. and Mrs. Coyote felt they must bring back the Skunk family into good fellowship with the other Animal People. [p.15] The puzzle was how to make friends without alarming or annoying them, which might revive the disgusting Skunk habit. However, by degrees, tactful Mrs. and Mrs. Coyote made little friendly advances and so overcame the Skunk shyness that they could take pleasant walks together. Later on they began to give small "Socials," when they invited more and more of the Animal people to meet Brother and Sister Skunk; and presently they ventured to introduce favourite dances. Thus gradually by their kindness Mr. and Mrs. Coyote coaxed the Skunk family back into sharing the happy lives of all the other Animal People.
VI. Mr. Coyote and His Friends the Birds
Mr. Coyote loved the singing birds which filled the forests with their happy songs and knew each one by its own sweet notes of welcome when he was seen approaching through the trees. He made great friends among them and they completely trusted his care. Thus, one day soon after Mr. Coyote had renewed his friendship with Brother and Sister Skunk he invited them to go with him to help him make a special feast for their feathered folk. The birds felt no fear of these strange visitors, [p.17] their trust in Mr. Coyote's protection was so strong. Indeed so great was their faith that often they would take part in Mr. Coyote's "Socials" and some of the shy Prairie Chickens actually performed special dances for the entertainment of her guests.
Mr. Coyote also encouraged the Squirrel folk to share in his guardianship of these favoured birds. If, for instance, a bird was hurt a friendly Squirrel would free and protect it until it was once more able to fly. You must understand that in those days all Animals and Birds talked the same language and understood each other’s little ways. It was only the large fierce Birds of Prey that Mr. Coyote felt it right to destroy with his bow and arrows because of their cruelty to defenceless creatures. But he felt this duty a hard one and took great care to aim so accurately that the cruel bird should die instantly and not suffer the wounds and distress caused to its own victims.
VII.
The Mysterious Lake
Contented as were the Animal People nevertheless they felt uneasy about a certain lake on whose waters mysterious happenings occurred. Sometimes canoes could be seen with human figures paddling towards the onlookers, yet both canoes and men [p.19] vanished as they approached the shore. These appearances gave great anxiety. If only four figures were in the canoe all boded well to the watchers on the shore; but if there only three men or five their disappearance boded ill to those who caught sight of them; for you must know the numbers four or eight were good omens, especially in gambling games when dividing a catch of fish; whereas odd numbers foretold disaster.
At other times floating logs could be seen on the lake with creatures like dogs on them running to and fro; these likewise disappeared before reaching the shore. Some of the Animal People believed these mysterious figures were the spirits of men escaped from the other world, but they never reached any definite conclusion on the matter. So of course they took their fears to Mr. Coyote. Their wise Councillor promptly advised them to hide their faces when they saw these uncanny sights and to run away at once, not to stand by the shore watching and wondering what these appearances might be. "Sheer waste of time," he said, "to feed their fears, waiting for what might never happen!"
Nevertheless, even to-day the Thompson Indians whisper that this lake gives mysterious signs of coming events to those who know how to discern them. These may be good or bad, but are evidence of a mystery still unexplained. [p.21]
VIII.
The Giant Animal People
The Animal People were so happy with their wise and kind leaders Mr. and Mrs. Coyote, that it seems sad to report that they had bitter enemies in certain huge, very strong creatures called "The Giant Animals," who despised and were jealous of Mr. Coyote's leadership. These enemies were really stupid folk; they could not sing or dance; they never enjoyed pleasant social meetings; all they wanted to do was to injure, maim or kill others of their own kind. They were specially harsh and cruel to all the weaker Animal People and to the defenceless Bird Families. They stamped with all their great strength on bushes, destroying the delicious berry crops; they trampled down sweet herbs and lovely flowers and even set fire to the forests whenever they could do so unobserved.
Often the Animal People talked of their alarms to Mr. Coyote, for they were sorely frightened of these Giant People, though too terrified to attempt their destruction. Then their wise leader showed them the better way was to pray for protection and guidance to the Father of Mysteries; and to their intense delight they were saved by this means from the dangers they feared. For, when the Great Flood swept over the earth and they themselves were shivering but safe on the narrow mountain peak, [p.22] the roaring torrents of storm-tossed waters swept the Giant Animal People right off their feet, dashed them again and again against the sharp rocks and destroyed them every one.
Thus were the Animal People and all other living things made secure against this danger to their happiness and lives.
IX.
The Precious Tobacco Tree or the First "Smoke" of the Season
"Tobacco Day" was a happy event for the Animal People. Carefully they had watched the precious Tree for the hour when its leaves ripened, for Mr. Coyote had taught them that the leaves must be cut at this precise moment to ensure their full delightful flavour. There was a time when this Tree was poisonous to Animal Folk, but Mr. Coyote's magic removed this danger and transformed its leaves to their wholesome enjoyment.
At early dawn on this festive day Mr. Coyote summoned all his people, and taking his place in their midst as they sat around he led them in giving thanks to the Father of Mysteries for this great gift of tobacco. Then he gathered and cut up the ripe leaves, mixing them with those of the bear-[p.23]berry, previously roasted, after which he filled the high narrow bowl of his large soapstone pipe with the mixture and called for a light.
After a short smoke he handed the pipe round to each person in the circle, warning them after a moment's enjoyment to pass it on in the same direction as the course the Sun-Man ran in the heavens. After each man had enjoyed his "pull" on the pipe he put both hands together on a level with his lips and blew the smoke downward over his chest; then, crossing his hands, he vigorously rubbed his breast and shoulders. Finally all present prayed together: "O Leaf of Good, make long my breath so that I may be well and live for many moons."
Finally the crop of Tobacco leaves was picked and divided equally between all the Animal People.
X.
Sunflower Roots and Their Gifts
The Animal People set a great value on Sunflower roots, believing that the Sun-Man bestowed peculiar blessings upon this particular plant; hence special ceremonies took place when the root was ripe. Thus, the people prayed to the root itself when called upon to make exertion for any worthy purpose, asking that it would give them of its life-force when special endurance was required, such as climbing a steep, high mountain, or to enable [p.25] them to exercise special dexterity when in need of great skill, or to avoid clumsy movements when much depended upon being sure-footed or silent in approach to a threatened dangerous encounter.
This root is difficult to cook but well worth the trouble. To eat it renews energy, and particularly was it recommended as a sure cure for those disposed to laziness; for be it known that to oversleep in the morning meant many penalties among young lads in later days, when children were strictly trained to rise early and not to shirk cold bathing even in winter time. So, it is easy to believe that many young folk, when eating their fourth root of sunflower, which was credited with possessing special value, prayed earnestly that they might resist the temptation to lie late and the making of untrue excuses when they evaded the morning bathe.
So I think you will be pleased to hear that though the Thompson Tribe ceased long ago to worship the Sunflower Roots, yet the boys at St. George's School at Lytton have made for themselves Eight Health Rules about food, cleanliness, sleep and exercise, which they try to keep very earnestly, for they all belong to the Junior Red Cross. [p.27]
Printed in Victoria, B.C., Canada
by
J. Parker Buckle Printing Co., Ltd.
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
"Meet Mr. Coyote"
Description
An account of the resource
A small booklet of ten Aboriginal legends/stories illustrated by Aboriginal students of Noel Stewart at St. George's Indian Residential School in Lytton, B.C. that was published by the British Columbia Indian Arts and Welfare Society in 1941. The legends are from the Thompson Tribe near Lytton, B.C. It is unknown who the storyteller and recorder were in the original transcription of these legends.
Creator
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Noel Stewart
Source
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Royal BC Museum, BC Archives (F/1/R19); an application for a non-exclusive copyright license has been submitted to the Copyright Board of Canada.
Publisher
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The British Columbia Indian Arts and Welfare Society; J. Parker Buckle Printing Co., Ltd.
Date
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1941
"Meet Mr. Coyote"
Alice Ravenhill
Art
Canoe
Francis Batiste
Illustration
Legend
Lino-cuts
Linoleum cuts
Noel Stewart
Publication
Residential School
Sis-hu-lk
St. George's Indian Residential School
Story
Thompson Tribe
Told-to Narrative